Determination of structural elements of synthesized silver nano-hexagon from X-ray diffraction analysis

Silver nano-hexagons (AgNHs) have been prepared by a chemical reduction method using poly-vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizing agent. The XRD results exhibit the crystalline nature of the prepared sample, with a face centred cubic (fcc) phase. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results reveal that the silver nanoparticles are nearly hexagon in shape with an average size of 50 nm. Here, crystallite size has been calculated using Williamson-Hall (W-H) method, which is nearly matching with average size obtained from TEM analysis. Again, using W-H method, micro strain has been calculated, which is produced in the nano-hexagon due to dislocation of silver atoms. Further, the lattice constant of the nano-hexagons has also been estimated from the Nelson–Riley plot. Moreover, the appropriate structural parameters such as Lorentz factor, Lorentz polarization factor, dislocation density, number of atoms in a unit cell and morphological index have also been studied from the X-ray diffraction profile

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR EDUCATING PERSONS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

Technology has changed and continues to change the way people manage things in their lives and it is analogous in the life of Persons with Disabilities (PwDs) through integration of technology in education. Meaningful inclusive education can be made possible with the help of Assistive Technology (AT) since it helps in identifying and overcoming all barriers for effective, continuous and quality participation of all PwDs including those with intellectual disabilities in education. This article attempts to put forward few measures that provide effective education to Persons with Intellectual Disability through the support of assistive technology specifically designed by understanding their educational needs in order to maximize their academic success. Assistive technology pertinent to various domains of education and developmental areas with appropriate examples and case study is also being illustrated. Barriers to access assistive technology and recommendations to remediate it are also discussed in comprehensive manner.  Article visualizations

Asymptotic analysis of Feynman diagrams and their maximal cuts

The ASPIRE program, which is based on the Landau singularities and the method of power geometry to unveil the regions required for the evaluation of a given Feynman diagram asymptotically in a given limit, also allows for the evaluation of scaling coming from the top facets. In this work, we relate the scaling having equal components of the top facets of the Newton polytope to the maximal cut of given Feynman integrals. We have therefore connected two independent approaches to the analysis of Feynman diagrams.Comment: 34 pages latex, 7 figures and 2 tables, ancillary Mathematica files provided, substantially extended and improved, added new sections(sub-section-2.5, section-3,4,appendix-B), References added, version accepted for publication in EPJ

Validation of two preoxygenation techniques, 3 min tidal volume breath and eight vital capacity breath techniques in tribal and non-tribal population of Eastern India

Background: Preoxygenation during anesthesia can be done by 3 min tidal volume breath and eight vital capacity breath in 1 min, conventionally. Population of our country is not homogenous. Aims and Objectives: The present study was conducted to validate preoxygenation processes in people of eastern India. Materials and Methods: Total 140 patients of ASA grade I and II, age group 20–50 posted for surgeries under GA were allotted in TV and VC group. Every odd number and even number patient was tested for TV method and VC method, respectively, with a Magill circuit and airtight face mask with 100% oxygen flow at a rate of 10 L/min. Time and number of breaths were noted when end tidal oxygen concentration ≥90% in TV and VC group, respectively. Results: In TV method, the mean time (in minute) was 3.10±0.27 and 3.13±0.24 for tribal and non-tribal sub-group (P=0.80); 3.02±0.37 and 3.10±0.27 for tribal and non-tribal male (P=0.57); and 3.18±0.05 and 3.16±0.21 for tribal and non-tribal female (P=0.57). In VC method, mean number of VC breaths was 8.32±0.60 and 8.43±0.74 for tribal and non-tribal sub-group (P=0.76); 8.75±0.49 and 8.23±0.70 for tribal and non-tribal male (P=0.42); and 8.20±0.60 and 8.60±0.72 for tribal and non-tribal female (P=0.16). Patients completing preoxygenation in TV and VC method – tribal: 22% and 53%, non-tribal: 4% and 62%, tribal male: 22% and 20%, non-tribal male: 8% and 68%, tribal female: 0% and 60%, and non-tribal female: 0 and 57%, respectively. Conclusion: No significant difference found between tribal and non-tribal groups of both sexes in each method. Completion of preoxygenation was higher in VC group, though not tested statistically

STABILITY OF DOUBLE LAYERS IN PLASMA

The properties of the electrostatic double layers in the non-collisional plasma have been investigated. The conditions on the stability of the double layers on base of the linearized equations for disturbances have been revealed. It has been shown that in beam double layer in the unlimited system only the convective instabilities can appear out the field of the potential drop. At presence of the conducting boundaries the development of the vibration type absolute instability is possible. The work results can be used for analysis of the data of laboratory and cosmic experiments on the investigation of the double layersAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Determination of structural elements of synthesized silver nano-hexagon from X-ray diffraction analysis

765-772Silver nano-hexagons (AgNHs) have been prepared by a chemical reduction method using poly-vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizing agent. The XRD results exhibit the crystalline nature of the prepared sample, with a face centred cubic (fcc) phase. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results reveal that the silver nanoparticles are nearly hexagon in shape with an average size of 50 nm. Here, crystallite size has been calculated using Williamson-Hall (W-H) method, which is nearly matching with average size obtained from TEM analysis. Again, using W-H method, micro strain has been calculated, which is produced in the nano-hexagon due to dislocation of silver atoms. Further, the lattice constant of the nano-hexagons has also been estimated from the Nelson–Riley plot. Moreover, the appropriate structural parameters such as Lorentz factor, Lorentz polarization factor, dislocation density, number of atoms in a unit cell and morphological index have also been studied from the X-ray diffraction profile

Online) An Open Access

ABSTRACT Chronic toxic effects of non-permitted food colour Metanil Yellow was carried out on the tongue papillae of albino rat (Rattus norvegicus) for exposure periods of 30 and 45 days at a dose of 3.0 g/kg body weight. Topological study displayed the toxic effects of Metanil Yellow on the tongue papillae especially on the filiform and fungiform papillae. The degenerative changes were found in both the filiform and fungiform papillae. Taste buds became necrosed after treatment. All these changes marked the toxicosis of Metanil Yellow on albino rat

A Fast Distributed Deadlock-Detection Algorithm For Hypercube

There have been several distributed algorithms for deadlock detection. These algor­ithms are genera) and detect deadlocks for all topologies. In this paper, we have developed a fast distributed deadlock-detection algorithm for hypercube where a node waits for at most one message ai a time. Non-waiting nodes participate in deadlock detection by assisting in signal passing. For analysis purpose, the algorithm is 3 described for synchronous mode of computation. This algorithm terminates in O(n 3) time with overwhelming probability for a n-dimensional binary cube

Various Brønsted Acidic Ionic Liquids – Synthesis and Application as Green Catalysts and Mediums for Esterification of Aromatic Acids

The extraordinary preferred standpoint of ionic liquids as solvents and catalysts and different alluring properties in organic chemistry, the preparation, and utilization of ionic liquids have pulled in important interest. In this Paper, we report a series of ammonium and pyridinium ionic liquids which have been synthesized and characterized. These ionic liquids are easy to prepare from amine and pyridine and acids. They have been utilized as catalysts and naturally favorable solvents for esterification of some aromatic acids. Since, esters are vital natural solvents, fundamental chemicals and pharmaceutically interesting chemicals which are broadly utilized as a part of the related industry. The results demonstrate that these ionic liquids are effectively isolated and reusable without losing their action and quality. On the other hand, the conversion and yield got from esterification utilizing these ionic liquids are essentially high. The separation of the desired product was generally performed by extraction with dichloromethane or ethyl acetate and water. The ionic liquids are reused after removal of water under vacuum at high temperature

A Distributed Security Architecture For Ad Hoc Networks

Secure communication in ad hoc networks is an inherent problem because of the distributiveness of the nodes and the reliance on cooperation between the nodes. All the nodes in such networks rely and trust other nodes for forwarding packets because of their limitation in the range of transmission. Due to the absence of any central administrative node, verification of authenticity of nodes is very difficult. In this paper, we propose a clusterhead-based distributed security mechanism for securing the routes and communication in ad hoc networks. The clusterheads act as certificate agencies and distribute certificates to the communicating nodes, thereby making the communication secure. The clusterheads execute administrative functions and hold shares of network keys that are used for communication by the nodes in respective clusters. Due to the process of authentication, there are signalling and message overheads. Through simulation studies, we show how the presence of clusterheads can substantially reduce these overheads and still maintain secure communication